CVE-2026-54496 (CVSS 9.3)

Description

ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to zebrad 5.0.0, halo2_gadgets 0.5.0, orchard 0.14.0, zcash_primitives 0.28.0, and zcashd 6.20.0, the variable-base scalar multiplication gadget in halo2_gadgets/src/ecc/chip/mul/incomplete.rs used assign_advice() for the base point without a copy constraint tying it to the actual base, allowing a malicious prover to produce a valid proof for an Orchard Action with an under-constrained base point and bypass the diversified-address-integrity check that binds pk_d, g_d, ivk, the nullifier (nf), and the spend validating key (ak) to the note being spent. This issue is fixed in zebrad 5.0.0, halo2_gadgets 0.5.0, orchard 0.14.0, zcash_primitives 0.28.0, and zcashd 6.20.0.

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CVSS v3.1 Score

9.3

CRITICAL

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:L

EPSS — Exploit Prediction

0.0032

Probability of exploitation

0.24%

Percentile rank

EPSS estimates the probability that this vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. A higher score means more likely to be exploited.

Weakness Type (CWE)

CWE-345 CWE-345

References

Other References

https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/releases/tag/v5.0.0 https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-ww9q-8r59-xv46 https://github.com/zcash/halo2/releases/tag/halo2_gadgets-0.5.0 https://github.com/zcash/librustzcash/releases/tag/zcash_primitives-0.28.0 https://github.com/zcash/orchard/releases/tag/0.14.0 https://github.com/zcash/zcash/releases/tag/v6.20.0 https://zfnd.org/zebra-4-5-3-and-5-0-0-emergency-soft-fork-and-nu6-2-activation

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-54496? +

ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to zebrad 5.0.0, halo2_gadgets 0.5.0, orchard 0.14.0, zcash_primitives 0.28.0, and zcashd 6.20.0, the variable-base scalar multiplication gadget in halo2_gadgets/src/ecc/chip/mul/incomplete.rs used assign_advice() for the base point without a copy constraint tying it to the actual base, allowing a malicious prover to produce a valid proof for an Orchard Action with an under-constrained base point and bypass the diversified-address-integrity check that binds pk_d, g_d, ivk, the nullifier (nf), and the spend validating key (ak) to the note being spent. This issue is fixed in zebrad 5.0.0, halo2_gadgets 0.5.0, orchard 0.14.0, zcash_primitives 0.28.0, and zcashd 6.20.0. It has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.3 (CRITICAL).

How severe is CVE-2026-54496? +

CVE-2026-54496 has a CVSS v3.1 score of 9.3 out of 10, rated CRITICAL. This is a critical vulnerability that should be patched immediately. The EPSS score is 0.0032, placing it in the 0th percentile for exploitation probability.

How do I check if I'm vulnerable to CVE-2026-54496? +

You can use Secably's free Website Scanner to check your website for known vulnerabilities. For infrastructure scanning, use the Port Scanner to identify exposed services that may be affected. Check the vendor advisories linked above for specific patch and version information.

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