CVE-2026-54155: Signature Bypass (CVSS 7.7)

Description

node-opcua is an OPC UA implementation for TypeScript and Node.js. Prior to 2.166.0, the UserNameIdentityToken authentication handler in packages/node-opcua-server/source/opcua_server.ts decrypts an RSA-OAEP password blob but does not verify that the trailing bytes match the current session serverNonce. An unauthenticated remote attacker can obtain the server public key through GetEndpoints and forge a blob whose little-endian length produces an empty password passed to isValidUser, compromising accounts that accept an empty password. Missing nonce binding also allows a captured UserNameIdentityToken ciphertext to be replayed in another session, and SecurityMode=None removes the separate client-signature safeguard. This issue is fixed in version 2.166.0.

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CVSS v3.1 Score

7.7

HIGH

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L

EPSS — Exploit Prediction

0.0033

Probability of exploitation

0.26%

Percentile rank

EPSS estimates the probability that this vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. A higher score means more likely to be exploited.

Weakness Type (CWE)

CWE-347 CWE-347

References

Other References

https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua/commit/c6b05738682f5c8d70b1ea275c881f01a1cd9787 https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua/releases/tag/v2.166.0 https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua/security/advisories/GHSA-mq36-523m-x7vv

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-54155? +

node-opcua is an OPC UA implementation for TypeScript and Node.js. Prior to 2.166.0, the UserNameIdentityToken authentication handler in packages/node-opcua-server/source/opcua_server.ts decrypts an RSA-OAEP password blob but does not verify that the trailing bytes match the current session serverNonce. An unauthenticated remote attacker can obtain the server public key through GetEndpoints and forge a blob whose little-endian length produces an empty password passed to isValidUser, compromising accounts that accept an empty password. Missing nonce binding also allows a captured UserNameIdentityToken ciphertext to be replayed in another session, and SecurityMode=None removes the separate client-signature safeguard. This issue is fixed in version 2.166.0. It has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.7 (HIGH).

How severe is CVE-2026-54155? +

CVE-2026-54155 has a CVSS v3.1 score of 7.7 out of 10, rated HIGH. This is a high-severity vulnerability that should be prioritized for patching. The EPSS score is 0.0033, placing it in the 0th percentile for exploitation probability.

How do I check if I'm vulnerable to CVE-2026-54155? +

You can use Secably's free Website Scanner to check your website for known vulnerabilities. For infrastructure scanning, use the Port Scanner to identify exposed services that may be affected. Check the vendor advisories linked above for specific patch and version information.

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