CVE-2026-41164

Description

nuts-node is the reference implementation of the Nuts specification. Prior to 6.2.3 and 5.4.31, the v1 access token introspection endpoint (/auth/v1/introspect_access_token) accepts any JWT signed by a key present on the node, without validating the JWT type, issuer-to-key binding, or required claims. This allows a Verifiable Presentation (VP) JWT to be replayed as an access token and receive an active: true introspection response. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.2.3 and 5.4.31.

CVSS v3.1 Score

4.4

MEDIUM

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

EPSS — Exploit Prediction

0.0001

Probability of exploitation

0.03%

Percentile rank

EPSS estimates the probability that this vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. A higher score means more likely to be exploited.

Weakness Type (CWE)

CWE-345 CWE-345

References

Other References

https://github.com/nuts-foundation/nuts-node/security/advisories/GHSA-9hmg-827w-9rhj

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-41164? +

nuts-node is the reference implementation of the Nuts specification. Prior to 6.2.3 and 5.4.31, the v1 access token introspection endpoint (/auth/v1/introspect_access_token) accepts any JWT signed by a key present on the node, without validating the JWT type, issuer-to-key binding, or required claims. This allows a Verifiable Presentation (VP) JWT to be replayed as an access token and receive an active: true introspection response. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.2.3 and 5.4.31. It has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.4 (MEDIUM).

How severe is CVE-2026-41164? +

CVE-2026-41164 has a CVSS v3.1 score of 4.4 out of 10, rated MEDIUM. This is a medium-severity vulnerability that should be remediated as part of regular maintenance. The EPSS score is 0.0001, placing it in the 0th percentile for exploitation probability.

How do I check if I'm vulnerable to CVE-2026-41164? +

You can use Secably's free Website Scanner to check your website for known vulnerabilities. For infrastructure scanning, use the Port Scanner to identify exposed services that may be affected. Check the vendor advisories linked above for specific patch and version information.

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