CVE-2025-1686: pebble — Exploit & Fix

Description

Versions of the package io.pebbletemplates:pebble from 0 and before 4.1.0 are vulnerable to External Control of File Name or Path via the include tag. A high privileged attacker can access sensitive local files by crafting malicious notification templates that leverage this tag to include files like /etc/passwd or /proc/1/environ. Workaround This vulnerability can be mitigated by disabling the include macro in Pebble Templates: java new PebbleEngine.Builder() .registerExtensionCustomizer(new DisallowExtensionCustomizerBuilder() .disallowedTokenParserTags(List.of("include")) .build()) .build();

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CVSS v3.1 Score

6.8

MEDIUM

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N

Weakness Type (CWE)

CWE-73 CWE-73

Affected Products

Vendor	Product	Versions
pebbletemplates	pebble	All

References

Advisories & Patches

https://github.com/PebbleTemplates/pebble/issues/688

Exploits

https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JAVA-IOPEBBLETEMPLATES-8745594 https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JAVA-IOPEBBLETEMPLATES-8745594

Other References

https://github.com/PebbleTemplates/pebble/commit/b3451c8f305a1a248fbcc2363fd307d0baaee329 https://github.com/PebbleTemplates/pebble/issues/680 https://pebbletemplates.io/wiki/tag/include https://github.com/PebbleTemplates/pebble/pull/715

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-1686? +

Versions of the package io.pebbletemplates:pebble from 0 and before 4.1.0 are vulnerable to External Control of File Name or Path via the include tag. A high privileged attacker can access sensitive local files by crafting malicious notification templates that leverage this tag to include files like /etc/passwd or /proc/1/environ. Workaround This vulnerability can be mitigated by disabling the include macro in Pebble Templates: java new PebbleEngine.Builder() .registerExtensionCustomizer(new DisallowExtensionCustomizerBuilder() .disallowedTokenParserTags(List.of("include")) .build()) .build(); It has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.8 (MEDIUM).

How severe is CVE-2025-1686? +

CVE-2025-1686 has a CVSS v3.1 score of 6.8 out of 10, rated MEDIUM. This is a medium-severity vulnerability that should be remediated as part of regular maintenance.

What products are affected by CVE-2025-1686? +

CVE-2025-1686 affects products from pebbletemplates, specifically: pebble. Check the affected products table above for specific version ranges.

How do I check if I'm vulnerable to CVE-2025-1686? +

You can use Secably's free Website Scanner to check your website for known vulnerabilities. For infrastructure scanning, use the Port Scanner to identify exposed services that may be affected. Check the vendor advisories linked above for specific patch and version information.

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